/**
 * \file
 * \brief  Simple closed interval class
 *
 * Copyright 2007 Michael Sloan <mgsloan@gmail.com>
 *
 * Original Rect/Range code by:
 *   Lauris Kaplinski <lauris@kaplinski.com>
 *   Nathan Hurst <njh@mail.csse.monash.edu.au>
 *   bulia byak <buliabyak@users.sf.net>
 *   MenTaLguY <mental@rydia.net>
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it either under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software Foundation
 * (the "LGPL") or, at your option, under the terms of the Mozilla
 * Public License Version 1.1 (the "MPL"). If you do not alter this
 * notice, a recipient may use your version of this file under either
 * the MPL or the LGPL.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the LGPL along with this library
 * in the file COPYING-LGPL-2.1; if not, output to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
 * You should have received a copy of the MPL along with this library
 * in the file COPYING-MPL-1.1
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License
 * Version 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
 *
 * This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY
 * OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the LGPL or the MPL for
 * the specific language governing rights and limitations.
 *
 */
#ifndef SEEN_INTERVAL_H
#define SEEN_INTERVAL_H

#include <assert.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include "coord.h"

namespace Geom {
    
    /* Although an Interval where _b[0] > _b[1] is considered empty, for proper functioning of other methods,
     * a proper empty Interval is [+infinity, -infinity]. Then, expandTo(p) will set the interval to [p,p].
     */
    class Interval {
    private:
        Coord _b[2];
        
    public:
        // The default constructor creates an empty interval, that ranges from +infinity to -infinity.
        // Doing an expandTo(p) on this empty interval will correctly set the whole interval to [p,p].
        explicit Interval() { _b[0] = +infinity();  _b[1] = -infinity(); }
        explicit Interval(Coord u) { _b[0] = _b[1] = u; }
        /* When creating an Interval using the constructor specifying the exact range, the created interval
         * will be [u,v] when u<=v ; and will be [v,u] when v < u !!!
         */
        Interval(Coord u, Coord v) {
            if(u < v) {
                _b[0] = u; _b[1] = v;
            } else {
                _b[0] = v; _b[1] = u;
            }
        }
        
        double operator[](unsigned i) const {
            assert(i < 2);
            return _b[i];
        }
        inline double& operator[](unsigned i) { return _b[i]; }  //Trust the user...
        
        inline Coord min() const { return _b[0]; }
        inline Coord max() const { return _b[1]; }
        inline Coord extent() const { return _b[1] - _b[0]; }
        inline Coord middle() const { return (_b[1] + _b[0]) * 0.5; }
        
        inline bool isEmpty() const { return _b[0] > _b[1]; }
        inline bool contains(Coord val) const { return _b[0] <= val && val <= _b[1]; }
        bool contains(const Interval & val) const { return _b[0] <= val._b[0] && val._b[1] <= _b[1]; }
        bool intersects(const Interval & val) const {
            return contains(val._b[0]) || contains(val._b[1]) || val.contains(*this);
        }
        
        inline bool operator==(Interval other) const { return _b[0] == other._b[0] && _b[1] == other._b[1]; }
        inline bool operator!=(Interval other) const { return _b[0] != other._b[0] || _b[1] != other._b[1]; }
        
        //IMPL: OffsetableConcept
        //TODO: rename output_type to something else in the concept
        typedef Coord output_type;
        inline Interval operator+(Coord amnt) {
            return Interval(_b[0] + amnt, _b[1] + amnt);
        }
        inline Interval operator-(Coord amnt) {
            return Interval(_b[0] - amnt, _b[1] - amnt);
        }
        inline Interval operator+=(Coord amnt) {
            _b[0] += amnt; _b[1] += amnt;
            return *this;
        }
        inline Interval operator-=(Coord amnt) {
            _b[0] -= amnt; _b[1] -= amnt;
            return *this;
        }
        
        //IMPL: ScalableConcept
        inline Interval operator-() const { return Interval(*this); }
        inline Interval operator*(Coord s) const { return Interval(_b[0]*s, _b[1]*s); }
        inline Interval operator/(Coord s) const { return Interval(_b[0]/s, _b[1]/s); }
        Interval operator*=(Coord s) {
            if(s < 0) {
                Coord temp = _b[0];
                _b[0] = _b[1]*s;
                _b[1] = temp*s;
            } else {
                _b[0] *= s;
                _b[1] *= s;
            }
            return *this;
        }
        Interval operator/=(Coord s) {
            //TODO: what about s=0?
            if(s < 0) {
                Coord temp = _b[0];
                _b[0] = _b[1]/s;
                _b[1] = temp/s;
            } else {
                _b[0] /= s;
                _b[1] /= s;
            }
            return *this;
        }
        
        //TODO: NaN handleage for the next two?
        //TODO: Evaluate if wrap behaviour is proper.
        //If val > max, then rather than becoming a min==max range, it 'wraps' over
        void setMin(Coord val) {
            if(val > _b[1]) {
                _b[0] = _b[1];
                _b[1] = val;
            } else {
                _b[0] = val;
            }
        }
        //If val < min, then rather than becoming a min==max range, it 'wraps' over
        void setMax(Coord val) {
            if(val < _b[0]) {
                _b[1] = _b[0];
                _b[0] = val;
            } else {
                _b[1] = val;
            }
        }
        
        inline void extendTo(Coord val) {
            if(val < _b[0]) _b[0] = val;
            if(val > _b[1]) _b[1] = val;  //no else, as we want to handle NaN
        }
        
        static Interval fromArray(const Coord* c, int n) {
            assert(n > 0);
            Interval result(c[0]);
            for(int i = 1; i < n; i++) result.extendTo(c[i]);
            return result;
        }
        
        inline void expandBy(double amnt) {
            _b[0] -= amnt;
            _b[1] += amnt;
        }
        
        inline void unionWith(const Interval & a) {
            if(a._b[0] < _b[0]) _b[0] = a._b[0];
            if(a._b[1] > _b[1]) _b[1] = a._b[1];
        }
    };
    
    //IMPL: AddableConcept
    inline Interval operator+(const Interval & a, const Interval & b) {
        return Interval(a.min() + b.min(), a.max() + b.max());
    }
    inline Interval operator-(const Interval & a, const Interval & b) {
        return Interval(a.min() - b.max(), a.max() - b.min());
    }
    inline Interval operator+=(Interval & a, const Interval & b) { a = a + b; return a; }
    inline Interval operator-=(Interval & a, const Interval & b) { a = a - b; return a; }
    
    //There might be impls of this based off sign checks
    inline Interval operator*(const Interval & a, const Interval & b) {
        Interval res(a.min() * b.min());
        res.extendTo(a.min() * b.max());
        res.extendTo(a.max() * b.min());
        res.extendTo(a.max() * b.max());
        return res;
    }
    inline Interval operator*=(Interval & a, const Interval & b) { a = a * b; return a; }
    
    /* reinstate if useful (doesn't do the proper thing for 0 inclusion)
     inline Interval operator/(const Interval & a, const Interval & b) {
     Interval res(a.min() / b.min());
     res.extendTo(a.min() / b.max());
     res.extendTo(a.max() / b.min());
     res.extendTo(a.max() / b.max());
     return res;
     }
     inline Interval operator/=(Interval & a, const Interval & b) { a = a / b; return a; }
     */
    
    // 'union' conflicts with C keyword
    inline Interval unify(const Interval & a, const Interval & b) {
        return Interval(std::min(a.min(), b.min()),
                        std::max(a.max(), b.max()));
    }
//    inline boost::optional<Interval> intersect(const Interval & a, const Interval & b) {
//        Coord u = std::max(a.min(), b.min()),
//        v = std::min(a.max(), b.max());
//        //technically >= might be incorrect, but singulars suck
//        return u >= v ? boost::optional<Interval>()
//        : boost::optional<Interval>(Interval(u, v));
//    }
    
}
#endif //SEEN_INTERVAL_H

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